Narcissists: Think you're strong critical thinkers? Think again

In a study published in Thinking & Reasoning and reported by the University of Waterloo's Media Relations team, researchers found that narcissists—particularly those with grandiose traits—are significantly less likely to engage in reflective thinking, a key process for effective problem-solving and decision-making. Despite their inflated self-perception as strong critical thinkers, grandiose narcissists displayed overconfidence in their intellectual abilities, while vulnerable narcissists found reflective thinking confusing and ineffective. The research assessed participants using tools like the Cognitive Reflection Test and found a clear disconnect between perceived and actual cognitive performance in narcissistic individuals.

Led by PhD student Shane Littrell and co-authored by professors Jonathan Fugelsang and Evan Risko, the study explored how different forms of narcissism negatively correlate with cognitive reflection. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of how personality traits—especially those involving ego and self-perception—can hinder sound judgment and decision-making. The researchers hope that identifying these associations will support efforts to improve critical thinking skills and inform public discourse around narcissism’s role in shaping decisions in both private and societal contexts.